How to Check if the Water Heater is Working

Are you worried that your water heater might not be working correctly? Don’t panic; you can take a few simple steps to check if your water heater is functioning as it should.

A functioning water heater is essential for hot water for daily activities such as bathing, cooking, and cleaning. However, when issues arise, determining whether the water heater is working correctly can sometimes be confusing. By understanding the basic steps to check your water heater’s operation, you can quickly identify potential problems and decide whether a simple fix or professional assistance is needed.

This guide on how to check if the water heater is working will help you assess your water heater’s performance with ease and confidence.

What Are the Benefits of a Working Water Heater?

Before we dive into how to check your water heater’s operation, let’s first look at why it’s important to have a functioning water heater.

• Convenience: A working water heater provides hot water on demand, making daily tasks like showering and washing dishes more efficient.
• Comfort: Hot water is essential for comfort in certain climates and colder seasons.
• Hygiene: Hot water helps kill bacteria and germs, ensuring good hygiene.
• Energy Efficiency: A properly functioning water heater can help save energy and money on utility bills.

Now that you understand the benefits of having a working water heater let’s move on to how you can check if your water heater is functioning correctly.

What Will You Need?

Before you begin, here are a few things you’ll need to check your water heater’s operation:

• Safety equipment such as gloves and eye protection
• A flashlight (if your water heater is located in a dark area)
• A thermometer

Once you have these items, you can start checking your water heater.

8 Easy Steps on How to Check if the Water Heater is Working

Step 1. Turn Off the Power Supply 

To ensure safety while checking your water heater, the first step is to turn off its power supply. If you have an electric water heater, locate the circuit breaker in your home’s electrical panel and switch it to the “off” position. This prevents any electrical hazards during the inspection process.

For gas water heaters, locate the gas shut-off valve and turn it to the “off” position. This will stop the flow of gas to the water heater. It is crucial to eliminate any risk of electricity or gas interference while you work on checking the appliance. Take a moment to double-check that the power or gas is fully turned off before proceeding to the next step.

Step 2. Inspect the Thermostat 

Locate the thermostat on your water heater and check its current settings. For optimal performance, the thermostat should typically be set between 120°F and 140°F. Adjust the dial if needed to ensure the temperature is within this range. If the thermostat seems faulty or unresponsive, this could be a sign that it needs replacement. Use a thermometer to test the actual water temperature from a nearby faucet to verify if the water heater is functioning correctly. Comparing the thermostat setting with the actual water temperature will help you determine if the water heater is heating as expected.

Step 3. Examine the Pilot Light 

For gas water heaters, the pilot light is a crucial component. Check to see if the pilot light is lit. If it is not, follow the manufacturer’s instructions to relight it safely. Typically, this involves turning the gas control knob to the “pilot” position, pressing it down, and using a long-reach lighter to ignite the flame. Hold the knob down for about 30 seconds to ensure the flame stays lit.

If the pilot light continues to go out after being relit, there may be an issue with the thermocouple or gas supply, requiring further inspection or professional assistance. Always prioritize safety by ensuring proper ventilation while working with gas systems.

Step 4. Inspect the Heating Elements or Burner 

Check the heating elements for electric water heaters if the water is not hot enough. Turn off the power to the unit at the circuit breaker, then remove the access panels to examine the elements for signs of damage or wear. Use a multimeter to test their functionality. For gas water heaters, inspect the burner assembly.

Ensure it is clean and free of debris that could obstruct gas flow. These components may need cleaning or replacement if you notice any issues, such as corroded heating elements or a clogged burner. Always follow manufacturer guidelines when performing maintenance or repairs.

Step 5. Check the Thermostat Settings 

If the water temperature is still not at the desired level, inspect the thermostat settings on your water heater. For electric units, ensure the thermostat is set to an appropriate temperature, typically around 120°F to 140°F for most households. Adjust the dial if necessary, and allow time for the system to heat the water to the new setting.

For gas water heaters, ensure the thermostat knob is functioning correctly and accurately reflects the desired temperature. If the thermostat appears faulty or unresponsive, it may need replacement or professional calibration to ensure proper operation.

Step 6. Inspect the Anode Rod 

The anode rod is a crucial component in your water heater, designed to prevent rust and corrosion inside the tank. Over time, this rod can degrade, reducing its effectiveness. To inspect it, turn off the heater and release pressure by opening the temperature-pressure relief valve.

Carefully remove the anode rod and check for significant wear or corrosion. If the rod is more than 50% depleted, replace it with a new one to extend the life of your water heater. Always consult your water heater’s manual for specific anode rod maintenance and replacement guidelines.

Step 7. Flush the Tank 

Sediment buildup at the bottom of the water heater tank can reduce efficiency and lead to potential damage over time. To flush the tank, turn off the water heater and allow it to cool if it is recently in use. Attach a garden hose to the drain valve located at the bottom of the tank and direct the other end of the hose to a safe drainage area. Open the drain valve and allow the water to flow, flushing out any sediment and debris collected inside.

Close the valve once the water runs clear, remove the hose, and refill the tank by turning the cold water supply back on. Finally, restart the water heater as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Regularly flushing your tank helps maintain optimal performance and extends the unit’s lifespan.

Step 8. Inspect the Pressure Relief Valve 

The pressure relief valve is a critical safety feature of your water heater, designed to release excess pressure if it builds up within the tank. To inspect it, first, turn off the water heater and allow it to cool if it has been in use. Locate the pressure relief valve, usually found on the side or top of the tank, with a discharge pipe attached. Place a bucket under the discharge pipe, then carefully lift the valve lever to release some water.

Ensure the water flows freely and stops when the lever is closed. If the valve leaks, stuck, or fails to function correctly, it may need to be replaced to ensure safe operation. Regular inspection of the pressure relief valve helps prevent potentially hazardous pressure buildups.

By following these simple steps, you can troubleshoot and address common issues that may arise with your water heater.

5 Things You Should Avoid

1. Touching Hot Surfaces Directly: Avoid touching any exposed components or surfaces of the water heater, as they can be extremely hot and cause burns.
2. Ignoring the Power Supply: Always ensure the water heater is turned off or unplugged before inspecting it. Checking it while it’s connected to electricity can pose serious electrocution risks.
3. Skipping the User Manual: Never attempt troubleshooting without consulting the manual. The manual provides essential safety precautions and guidance for your water heater model.
4. Overlooking Signs of Leaks: Do not dismiss leaks or pooling water around the heater as minor issues. This could indicate serious malfunctions or potential hazards such as water damage or electrical short circuits.
5. Using Improper Tools: Avoid using makeshift or incorrect tools to check or repair the water heater. This could result in further damage and potentially void the warranty. Always use the recommended tools or consider consulting a professional.

By following these simple precautions, you can ensure the safety and proper functioning of your water heater, prolong its lifespan, and avoid costly repairs.

Conclusion

To conclude, how to check if the water heater is working involves following a series of careful steps to ensure safety and accuracy.

Start by verifying the power supply or gas connection to confirm it receives energy. Check the thermostat settings and ensure they are correctly adjusted. Examine for any signs of leaks, corrosion, or strange noises that could indicate underlying issues. Inspect the water temperature by running hot water from your taps and ensure it aligns with the desired settings. If any irregularities persist, consult the user manual or contact a certified technician.

These steps ensure your water heater operates efficiently, keeping your household comfortable and safe.